I. Middle childhood
1. Span of years between ages 6 and 12. The changes aren't as dramatic as they are during infancy and toddlerhood.
II. Physical Development
1. During this time children care more about what other people think about them. Children show gains in motor skills, agility, and physical strength.
A. Height
1. Boys are usually taller than girls at this age. By the age of 12 the average girl may be about as tall as they are going to get, and boys are not quite be done growing.
B. Weight
1. At age six the child may weigh around 47 lbs, and at the end of middle childhood they may weigh twice that.
C. Gross Motor Skills
1. You can see how much a child's motor skills have changed since they were a toddler.
D. Fine Motor Skills
1. Visual perception involves the coordination of the eye and hand.
III. Health concerns
A. Hearing
1. Hearing infections can be a big problem in child's hearing.
B. Vision
1. Farsighted is when they can see objects in the distance more clearly than those that are close. Most children are farsighted.
C. Teeth
1. The first teeth that come out are central incisors. After the teeth grow back it looks like their teeth are out of proportion.
D. Obesity
1. Obesity is characterized by excessive bodily fat. All children have this fat and another name for it is baby fat.
IV. Cognitive Development
A. Attention and Memory
1. Rehearsal involves the repetition of information after it is used.
B. Mental Operations
1. Operation is defined as the manipulation of ideas based on logic rather than perception.
2. Conservation means that change in position or shape of substances does not change the quantity.
3. Seriation is the ability to arrange items in an increasing or decreasing order based on weight, volume, and size.
4. Classification is the ability to group objects by common attributes, such as size, color, shape, pattern, or function.
C. Language
1. There ability to talk improves gradually though the middle childhood.
V. Social Emotional Development
A. Self Concept
1. Social comparison is a process where people define themselves in terms of the qualities, skills, and attributes they see in others.
2. Self Esteem is the belief that you are worthwhile as a person.
B. Understanding Others.
1. Empathy is the ability to understand the feelings of others
2. Compassion is being aware of others distress and wanting to help them.
C. Friendships
1. Children at this age begin to make friends of the same sex. If the child doesn't have friendship he wont interact as well in the future.
D. Peer Group Activities
1. Girls will get into groups with girls and be friends and boys will do the same thing. Mixed sex groups will begin with talking eating and working on projects.
E. Games and Rules
1. Games will help with their negotiation skills and learning to cooperate
F. Team Sports
1. They learn teamwork skills, get along with their peers, will benefit from the mental and physical exercise, and activities bring enjoyment.
VI. Moral Development
1. Moral development is the process of acquiring the standards of behavior considered acceptable by a society. Morality involves understanding and using accepted rules of conduct when interacting with others.